Friedman Billings Ramsey Group Inc Watch

from SC 13G/A 1 page Exhibit 1 Joint Filing Agreement Among Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Whereas, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (The "Act"), Only One Joint Statement and Any Amendments Thereto Need to Be Filed Whenever One or More Persons Are Required to File Such a Statement or Any Amendments Thereto Pursuant to Section 13(d)of the Act With Respect to the Same Securities, Provided That Said Persons Agree in Writing That Such Statement or Amendments Thereto Is Filed on Behalf of Each of Them; Now, Therefore, the Parties Hereto Agree as Follows: Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Hereby Agree, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Act, to File a Statement on Schedule 13g Relating to Their Ownership of Common Stock of the Issuer and Do Hereby Further Agree That Said Statement Shall Be Filed on Behalf of Each of Them. Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. Dated: February 13, 2003 By: /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Name: Emanuel J. Friedman Title: Chairman Dated: February 13, 2003 /S/ Eric F. Billings Eric F. Billings Dated: February 13, 2003 /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Emanuel J. Friedman

from SC 13G/A 1 page Exhibit 1 Joint Filing Agreement Among Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Whereas, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (The "Act"), Only One Joint Statement and Any Amendments Thereto Need to Be Filed Whenever One or More Persons Are Required to File Such a Statement or Any Amendments Thereto Pursuant to Section 13(d) of the Act With Respect to the Same Securities, Provided That Said Persons Agree in Writing That Such Statement or Amendments Thereto Is Filed on Behalf of Each of Them; Now, Therefore, the Parties Hereto Agree as Follows: Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Hereby Agree, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Act, to File a Statement on Schedule 13g Relating to Their Ownership of Common Stock of the Issuer and Do Hereby Further Agree That Said Statement Shall Be Filed on Behalf of Each of Them. Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. Dated: March 14, 2003 By: /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Name: Emanuel J. Friedman Title: Chairman Dated: March 14, 2003 /S/ Eric F. Billings Eric F. Billings Dated: March 14, 2003 /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Emanuel J. Friedman

from SC 13G 1 page Exhibit 1 Joint Filing Agreement Among Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Whereas, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (The "Act"), Only One Joint Statement and Any Amendments Thereto Need to Be Filed Whenever One or More Persons Are Required to File Such a Statement or Any Amendments Thereto Pursuant to Section 13(d) of the Act With Respect to the Same Securities, Provided That Said Persons Agree in Writing That Such Statement or Amendments Thereto Is Filed on Behalf of Each of Them; Now, Therefore, the Parties Hereto Agree as Follows: Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Hereby Agree, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Act, to File a Statement on Schedule 13g Relating to Their Ownership of Common Stock of the Issuer and Do Hereby Further Agree That Said Statement Shall Be Filed on Behalf of Each of Them. Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. Dated: March 10, 2003 By: /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Name: Emanuel J. Friedman Title: Chairman Dated: March 10, 2003 /S/ Eric F. Billings Eric F. Billings Dated: March 10, 2003 /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Emanuel J. Friedman

from SC 13G/A 1 page Exhibit 1 Joint Filing Agreement Among Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Orkney Holdings, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Whereas, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (The "Act"), Only One Joint Statement and Any Amendments Thereto Need to Be Filed Whenever One or More Persons Are Required to File Such a Statement or Any Amendments Thereto Pursuant to Section 13(d) of the Act With Respect to the Same Securities, Provided That Said Persons Agree in Writing That Such Statement or Amendments Thereto Is Filed on Behalf of Each of Them; Now, Therefore, the Parties Hereto Agree as Follows: Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Orkney Holdings, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Hereby Agree, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Act, to File a Statement on Schedule 13g Relating to Their Ownership of Common Stock of the Issuer and Do Hereby Further Agree That Said Statement Shall Be Filed on Behalf of Each of Them. Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. Dated: February 14, 2003 By: /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Name: Emanuel J. Friedman Title: Chairman Dated: February 14, 2003 Orkney Holdings, Inc. By: /S/ Kurt R. Harrington Name: Kurt R. Harrington Title: President Dated: February 14, 2003 /S/ Eric F. Billings Eric F. Billings Dated: February 14, 2003 /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Emanuel J. Friedman

from SC 13G/A 1 page Exhibit 1 Joint Filing Agreement Among Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Orkney Holdings, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Whereas, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (The "Act"), Only One Joint Statement and Any Amendments Thereto Need to Be Filed Whenever One or More Persons Are Required to File Such a Statement or Any Amendments Thereto Pursuant to Section 13(d) of the Act With Respect to the Same Securities, Provided That Said Persons Agree in Writing That Such Statement or Amendments Thereto Is Filed on Behalf of Each of Them; Now, Therefore, the Parties Hereto Agree as Follows: Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Orkney Holdings, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Hereby Agree, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Act, to File a Statement on Schedule 13g Relating to Their Ownership of Common Stock of the Issuer and Do Hereby Further Agree That Said Statement Shall Be Filed on Behalf of Each of Them. Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. Dated: February 14, 2003 By: /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Name: Emanuel J. Friedman Title: Chairman Orkney Holdings, Inc. Dated: February 14, 2003 By: /S/ Kurt R. Harrington Name: Kurt R. Harrington Title: President Dated: February 14, 2003 /S/ Eric F. Billings Eric F. Billings Dated: February 14, 2003 /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Emanuel J. Friedman

from SC 13G/A 1 page Exhibit 1 Joint Filing Agreement Among Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Orkney Holdings, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Whereas, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (The "Act"), Only One Joint Statement and Any Amendments Thereto Need to Be Filed Whenever One or More Persons Are Required to File Such a Statement or Any Amendments Thereto Pursuant to Section 13(d) of the Act With Respect to the Same Securities, Provided That Said Persons Agree in Writing That Such Statement or Amendments Thereto Is Filed on Behalf of Each of Them; Now, Therefore, the Parties Hereto Agree as Follows: Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Orkney Holdings, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Hereby Agree, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Act, to File a Statement on Schedule 13g Relating to Their Ownership of Common Stock of the Issuer and Do Hereby Further Agree That Said Statement Shall Be Filed on Behalf of Each of Them. Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. Dated: February 14, 2003 By: /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Name: Emanuel J. Friedman Title: Chairman Dated: February 14, 2003 Orkney Holdings, Inc. By: /S/ Kurt R. Harrington Name: Kurt R. Harrington Title: President Dated: February 14, 2003 /S/ Eric F. Billings Eric F. Billings Dated: February 14, 2003 /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Emanuel J. Friedman

from SC 13G/A 1 page Exhibit 1 Joint Filing Agreement Among Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Whereas, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (The "Act"), Only One Joint Statement and Any Amendments Thereto Need to Be Filed Whenever One or More Persons Are Required to File Such a Statement or Any Amendments Thereto Pursuant to Section 13(d)of the Act With Respect to the Same Securities, Provided That Said Persons Agree in Writing That Such Statement or Amendments Thereto Is Filed on Behalf of Each of Them; Now, Therefore, the Parties Hereto Agree as Follows: Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Hereby Agree, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Act, to File a Statement on Schedule 13g Relating to Their Ownership of Common Stock of the Issuer and Do Hereby Further Agree That Said Statement Shall Be Filed on Behalf of Each of Them. Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. Dated: February 14, 2003 By: /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Name: Emanuel J. Friedman Title: Chairman Dated: February 14, 2003 /S/ Eric F. Billings Eric F. Billings Dated: February 14, 2003 /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Emanuel J. Friedman

from SC 13G/A 1 page Exhibit 1 Joint Filing Agreement Among Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Whereas, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (The "Act"), Only One Joint Statement and Any Amendments Thereto Need to Be Filed Whenever One or More Persons Are Required to File Such a Statement or Any Amendments Thereto Pursuant to Section 13(d) of the Act With Respect to the Same Securities, Provided That Said Persons Agree in Writing That Such Statement or Amendments Thereto Is Filed on Behalf of Each of Them; Now, Therefore, the Parties Hereto Agree as Follows: Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Eric F.BILLINGS, and Emanuel J. Friedman Hereby Agree, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Act, to File a Statement on Schedule 13g Relating to Their Ownership of Common Stock of the Issuer and Do Hereby Further Agree That Said Statement Shall Be Filed on Behalf of Each of Them. Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. Dated: February 14, 2003 By: /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Name: Emanuel J. Friedman Title: Chairman Dated: February 14, 2003 /S/ Eric F. Billings Eric F. Billings /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Dated: February 14, 2003 Emanuel J. Friedman

from SC 13G/A 1 page Exhibit 1 Joint Filing Agreement Among Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Whereas, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (The "Act"), Only One Joint Statement and Any Amendments Thereto Need to Be Filed Whenever One or More Persons Are Required to File Such a Statement or Any Amendments Thereto Pursuant to Section 13(d) of the Act With Respect to the Same Securities, Provided That Said Persons Agree in Writing That Such Statement or Amendments Thereto Is Filed on Behalf of Each of Them; Now, Therefore, the Parties Hereto Agree as Follows: Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Hereby Agree, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Act, to File a Statement on Schedule 13g/a Relating to Their Ownership of Common Stock of the Issuer and Do Hereby Further Agree That Said Statement Shall Be Filed on Behalf of Each of Them. Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. Dated: February 13, 2003 By: /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Name: Emanuel J. Friedman Title: Chairman Dated: February 13, 2003 /S/ Eric F. Billings Eric F. Billings Dated: February 13, 2003 /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Emanuel J. Friedman

from SC 13G 1 page Exhibit 1 Joint Filing Agreement Among Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Whereas, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (The "Act"), Only One Joint Statement and Any Amendments Thereto Need to Be Filed Whenever One or More Persons Are Required to File Such a Statement or Any Amendments Thereto Pursuant to Section 13(d)of the Act With Respect to the Same Securities, Provided That Said Persons Agree in Writing That Such Statement or Amendments Thereto Is Filed on Behalf of Each of Them; Now, Therefore, the Parties Hereto Agree as Follows: Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Hereby Agree, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Act, to File a Statement on Schedule 13g Relating to Their Ownership of Common Stock of the Issuer and Do Hereby Further Agree That Said Statement Shall Be Filed on Behalf of Each of Them. Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. Dated: February 13, 2003 By: /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Name: Emanuel J. Friedman Title: Chairman Dated: February 13, 2003 /S/ Eric F. Billings Eric F. Billings Dated: February 13, 2003 /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Emanuel J. Friedman

from SC 13G 1 page Exhibit 1 Joint Filing Agreement Among Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Whereas, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (The "Act"), Only One Joint Statement and Any Amendments Thereto Need to Be Filed Whenever One or More Persons Are Required to File Such a Statement or Any Amendments Thereto Pursuant to Section 13(d)of the Act With Respect to the Same Securities, Provided That Said Persons Agree in Writing That Such Statement or Amendments Thereto Is Filed on Behalf of Each of Them; Now, Therefore, the Parties Hereto Agree as Follows: Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Hereby Agree, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Act, to File a Statement on Schedule 13g Relating to Their Ownership of Common Stock of the Issuer and Do Hereby Further Agree That Said Statement Shall Be Filed on Behalf of Each of Them. Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. Dated: February 13, 2003 By: /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Name: Emanuel J. Friedman Title: Chairman Dated: February 13, 2003 /S/ Eric F. Billings Eric F. Billings Dated: February 13, 2003 /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Emanuel J. Friedman

from SC 13G/A 1 page Exhibit 1 Joint Filing Agreement Among Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Whereas, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (The "Act"), Only One Joint Statement and Any Amendments Thereto Need to Be Filed Whenever One or More Persons Are Required to File Such a Statement or Any Amendments Thereto Pursuant to Section 13(d)of the Act With Respect to the Same Securities, Provided That Said Persons Agree in Writing That Such Statement or Amendments Thereto Is Filed on Behalf of Each of Them; Now, Therefore, the Parties Hereto Agree as Follows: Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Hereby Agree, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Act, to File a Statement on Schedule 13g Relating to Their Ownership of Common Stock of the Issuer and Do Hereby Further Agree That Said Statement Shall Be Filed on Behalf of Each of Them. Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. Dated: February 13, 2003 By: /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Name: Emanuel J. Friedman Title: Chairman Dated: February 13, 2003 /S/ Eric F. Billings Eric F. Billings Dated: February 13, 2003 /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Emanuel J. Friedman

from SC 13G/A 1 page Exhibit 1 Joint Filing Agreement Among Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Whereas, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (The "Act"), Only One Joint Statement and Any Amendments Thereto Need to Be Filed Whenever One or More Persons Are Required to File Such a Statement or Any Amendments Thereto Pursuant to Section 13(d)of the Act With Respect to the Same Securities, Provided That Said Persons Agree in Writing That Such Statement or Amendments Thereto Is Filed on Behalf of Each of Them; Now, Therefore, the Parties Hereto Agree as Follows: Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Hereby Agree, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Act, to File a Statement on Schedule 13g Relating to Their Ownership of Common Stock of the Issuer and Do Hereby Further Agree That Said Statement Shall Be Filed on Behalf of Each of Them. Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. Dated: February 13, 2003 By: /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Name: Emanuel J. Friedman Title: Chairman Dated: February 13, 2003 /S/ Eric F. Billings Eric F. Billings Dated: February 13, 2003 /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Emanuel J. Friedman

from SC 13G 1 page Exhibit 1 Joint Filing Agreement Among Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Whereas, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (The "Act"), Only One Joint Statement and Any Amendments Thereto Need to Be Filed Whenever One or More Persons Are Required to File Such a Statement or Any Amendments Thereto Pursuant to Section 13(d) of the Act With Respect to the Same Securities, Provided That Said Persons Agree in Writing That Such Statement or Amendments Thereto Is Filed on Behalf of Each of Them; Now, Therefore, the Parties Hereto Agree as Follows: Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Hereby Agree, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Act, to File a Statement on Schedule 13g Relating to Their Ownership of Common Stock of the Issuer and Do Hereby Further Agree That Said Statement Shall Be Filed on Behalf of Each of Them. Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. Dated: February 13, 2003 By: /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Name: Emanuel J. Friedman Title: Chairman Dated: February 13, 2003 /S/ Eric F. Billings Eric F. Billings Dated: February 13, 2003 /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Emanuel J. Friedman

from SC 13G 1 page Exhibit 1 Joint Filing Agreement Among Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Whereas, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (The "Act"), Only One Joint Statement and Any Amendments Thereto Need to Be Filed Whenever One or More Persons Are Required to File Such a Statement or Any Amendments Thereto Pursuant to Section 13(d)of the Act With Respect to the Same Securities, Provided That Said Persons Agree in Writing That Such Statement or Amendments Thereto Is Filed on Behalf of Each of Them; Now, Therefore, the Parties Hereto Agree as Follows: Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Hereby Agree, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Act, to File a Statement on Schedule 13g Relating to Their Ownership of Common Stock of the Issuer and Do Hereby Further Agree That Said Statement Shall Be Filed on Behalf of Each of Them. Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. Dated: February 13, 2003 By: /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Name: Emanuel J. Friedman Title: Chairman Dated: February 13, 2003 /S/ Eric F. Billings Eric F. Billings Dated: February 13, 2003 /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Emanuel J. Friedman

from SC 13G/A 1 page Exhibit 1 Joint Filing Agreement Among Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Whereas, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (The "Act"), Only One Joint Statement and Any Amendments Thereto Need to Be Filed Whenever One or More Persons Are Required to File Such a Statement or Any Amendments Thereto Pursuant to Section 13(d) of the Act With Respect to the Same Securities, Provided That Said Persons Agree in Writing That Such Statement or Amendments Thereto Is Filed on Behalf of Each of Them; Now, Therefore, the Parties Hereto Agree as Follows: Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Eric F.BILLINGS, and Emanuel J. Friedman Hereby Agree, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Act, to File a Statement on Schedule 13g Relating to Their Ownership of Common Stock of the Issuer and Do Hereby Further Agree That Said Statement Shall Be Filed on Behalf of Each of Them. Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. Dated: February 10, 2003 By: /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Name: Emanuel J. Friedman Title: Chairman Dated: February 10, 2003 /S/ Eric F. Billings Eric F. Billings /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Dated: February 10, 2003 Emanuel J. Friedman

from SC 13G/A 1 page Exhibit 1 Joint Filing Agreement Among Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Orkney Holdings, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Whereas, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (The "Act"), Only One Joint Statement and Any Amendments Thereto Need to Be Filed Whenever One or More Persons Are Required to File Such a Statement or Any Amendments Thereto Pursuant to Section 13(d) of the Act With Respect to the Same Securities, Provided That Said Persons Agree in Writing That Such Statement or Amendments Thereto Is Filed on Behalf of Each of Them; Now, Therefore, the Parties Hereto Agree as Follows: Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Orkney Holdings, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Hereby Agree, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Act, to File a Statement on Schedule 13g Relating to Their Ownership of Common Stock of the Issuer and Do Hereby Further Agree That Said Statement Shall Be Filed on Behalf of Each of Them. Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. Dated: December 9, 2002 By: /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Name: Emanuel J. Friedman Title: Chairman Dated: December 9, 2002 Orkney Holdings, Inc. By: /S/ Kurt R. Harrington Name: Kurt R. Harrington Title: President Dated: December 9, 2002 /S/ Eric F. Billings Eric F. Billings Dated: December 9, 2002 /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Emanuel J. Friedman

from SC 13G/A 1 page Exhibit 1 Joint Filing Agreement Among Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Whereas, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (The "Act"), Only One Joint Statement and Any Amendments Thereto Need to Be Filed Whenever One or More Persons Are Required to File Such a Statement or Any Amendments Thereto Pursuant to Section 13(d)of the Act With Respect to the Same Securities, Provided That Said Persons Agree in Writing That Such Statement or Amendments Thereto Is Filed on Behalf of Each of Them; Now, Therefore, the Parties Hereto Agree as Follows: Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Hereby Agree, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Act, to File a Statement on Schedule 13g Relating to Their Ownership of Common Stock of the Issuer and Do Hereby Further Agree That Said Statement Shall Be Filed on Behalf of Each of Them. Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. Dated: November 12, 2002 By: /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Name: Emanuel J. Friedman Title: Chairman Dated: November 12, 2002 /S/ Eric F. Billings Eric F. Billings Dated: November 12, 2002 /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Emanuel J. Friedman

from SC 13G/A 1 page Exhibit 1 Joint Filing Agreement Among Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Whereas, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (The "Act"), Only One Joint Statement and Any Amendments Thereto Need to Be Filed Whenever One or More Persons Are Required to File Such a Statement or Any Amendments Thereto Pursuant to Section 13(d) of the Act With Respect to the Same Securities, Provided That Said Persons Agree in Writing That Such Statement or Amendments Thereto Is Filed on Behalf of Each of Them; Now, Therefore, the Parties Hereto Agree as Follows: Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Eric F.BILLINGS, and Emanuel J. Friedman Hereby Agree, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Act, to File a Statement on Schedule 13g Relating to Their Ownership of Common Stock of the Issuer and Do Hereby Further Agree That Said Statement Shall Be Filed on Behalf of Each of Them. Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. Dated: November 12, 2002 By:/S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Name: Emanuel J. Friedman Title: Chairman Dated: November 12, 2002 /S/ Eric F. Billings Eric F. Billings /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Dated: November 12, 2002 Emanuel J. Friedman

from SC 13G/A 1 page Exhibit 1 Joint Filing Agreement Among Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Orkney Holdings, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Whereas, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (The "Act"), Only One Joint Statement and Any Amendments Thereto Need to Be Filed Whenever One or More Persons Are Required to File Such a Statement or Any Amendments Thereto Pursuant to Section 13(d) of the Act With Respect to the Same Securities, Provided That Said Persons Agree in Writing That Such Statement or Amendments Thereto Is Filed on Behalf of Each of Them; Now, Therefore, the Parties Hereto Agree as Follows: Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Orkney Holdings, Inc., Eric F. Billings, and Emanuel J. Friedman Hereby Agree, in Accordance With Rule 13d-1(k) Under the Act, to File a Statement on Schedule 13g Relating to Their Ownership of Common Stock of the Issuer and Do Hereby Further Agree That Said Statement Shall Be Filed on Behalf of Each of Them. Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. Dated: September 11, 2002 By: /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Name: Emanuel J. Friedman Title: Chairman Dated: September 11, 2002 Orkney Holdings, Inc. By: /S/ Kurt R. Harrington Name: Kurt R. Harrington Title: President Dated: September 11, 2002 /S/ Eric F. Billings Eric F. Billings /S/ Emanuel J. Friedman Dated: September 11, 2002 Emanuel J. Friedman